POWDER sulfamethazine + trimethoprim Zpril (Sulmet)

Fine white-yellow powder.

Storage
1 g of the drug contains active substances:

sulfamethazine – 200 mg,
trimethoprim – 40 mg.
Excipients: colloidal silicon dioxide, dextrose, lactose.

Pharmacological properties
ATCvet classification code QJ01 – antibacterial veterinary drugs for systemic use. QJ01EW30 – combinations of sulfonamides and trimethoprim.

Zpril is a combined chemotherapeutic drug with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial action.

Sulfamethazine is a synthetic chemotherapeutic agent from the group of sulfonamides. Trimethoprim is a synthetic chemotherapeutic agent derived from diaminopyrimidine.

Separately, each component has a mechanism of action similar to bacteriostatic, but sulfamethazine and trimethoprim, taken in a ratio of 5: 1, enhance the antimicrobial activity of the drug and give it a bactericidal nature of action.

This synergism of the association is due to the fact that its components affect two successive processes that are necessary for the synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid or bacterial folic acid, which plays a major role in the synthesis of bacterial purines. The action of these two components is as follows:

sulfamethazine in its chemical characteristics is similar to p-aminobenzoic acid, and together with it participates in the formation of the enzyme dihydropteroyl synthetase, counteracting the formation of dihydrofolic acid;
trimethoprim blocks the next link in the biosynthetic chain, inhibiting the action of dihydrofolate reductase, an enzyme that accelerates the conversion of dihydrofolic acid to tetrahydrofolic acid.
The combination of these chemotherapeutic components gives the drug bactericidal action. The appearance of strains of microorganisms resistant to the drug is insignificant.

The combination of sulfamethazine-trimethoprim has a broad spectrum of action, covering gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The microorganisms that are very sensitive to the drug include the following bacteria: Escherichia coli, Clostridium spp., Shigella spp., Salmonella spp., Proteus mirabilis, Bacillus anthracis, Pasteurella spp., Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus ginar. Streptococcus pneumoniae, S. pyogenes, S. faecalis, S. viridans, S. agalactiae, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus spp. and Brucella spp.

Both components of the drug are completely absorbed from the digestive tract. The maximum concentration of active components of the drug in the serum is observed after 1 – 4 hours.

Trimethoprim penetrates cells and tissue barriers – lungs, kidneys, prostate, bile, saliva, sputum, cerebrospinal fluid. Protein binding to trimethoprim – 50%, half-life – normally from 8.0 to 17 hours. The main route of excretion of trimethoprim – through the kidneys, 50% – unchanged.

Plasma protein binding of sulfamethazine is 66%, with a half-life of 9 to 11 hours. The main route of excretion – through the kidneys, and from 15 to 30% in active form.

Application
Calves up to 3 months of age: treatment of animals with colibacillosis and salmonellosis gastroenteritis, vibriosis, pneumonia, pasteurellosis, mastitis, actinomycosis, as well as diseases of the genitourinary system caused by microorganisms sensitive to sulfamethazine.

Horses: treatment of animals with diarrhea, pneumonia, mumps, pyosepticemia caused by microorganisms sensitive to sulfamethazine and trimethoprim.

Pigs: treatment of animals with colibacillosis, salmonellosis, vibrio dysentery, pneumonia, pasteurellosis, malignant edema, abscesses caused by microorganisms sensitive to sulfamethazine and trimethoprim.

Poultry (chickens, broilers, broilers): treatment of birds with salmonellosis, colibacillosis, streptococcal infections, pasteurellosis, bacterial complications after viral infections caused by microorganisms sensitive to sulfamethazine and trimethoprim.

Dogs and cats: treatment of animals with septicemia, bacterial enteritis, as well as respiratory diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to sulfamethazine and trimethoprim.

Dosage
Orally with drinking water, milk or feed in doses:

Calves (under 3 months of age), pigs, horses, dogs and cats – 1 g of the drug per 10 kg of body weight daily for 3-5 days. The first day of treatment: it is recommended to use the drug twice a day in fixed doses.
Poultry (chickens, broilers, repair young poultry): the first day – 1 g of the drug per 1 liter of drinking water daily; The next 2-3 days – 0.5 g of the drug per 1 liter of drinking water daily.
Contraindication
Do not use in animals with individual hypersensitivity to sulfamethazine and trimethoprim.

Do not use in animals with renal or hepatic insufficiency. Do not use simultaneously with p-aminobenzoic acid and folate.

Do not use in ruminants with functionally developed pancreas.

Do not use in laying hens whose eggs are used for human consumption.