Powder for injection (sodium thiopental), 2 g

Sedation; Surgery; Euthanasia

1 g of the drug contains:

sodium thiopental – 950 mg

Excipient: anhydrous sodium carbonate

Description

Light yellow powder, fine crystalline, hygroscopic, with a slight specific odor.

Pharmacological properties

Sodium thiopental is a derivative of barbituric acid from the group of thiobarbiturates and belongs to the means for non-inhalation anesthesia. Causes rapid inhibition of GABA receptors in the CNS, gives instant anesthetic, hypnotic and hypnotic effect, which occur in the first minute after administration.

The drug promotes muscle relaxation, suppressing polysynaptic reflexes and inhibiting their conduction through the inserted neurons of the spinal cord, reduces the intensity of metabolic processes in the brain, brain utilization of glucose and oxygen. The soporific effect is manifested in accelerating the process of falling asleep and changing the structure of sleep. Depending on the dose, it depresses the respiratory center and reduces its sensitivity to carbon dioxide, has a cardiodepressant effect.

Sodium thiopental when administered intravenously rapidly penetrates the brain, skeletal muscle, kidneys, liver and adipose tissue. In fat depots its concentration is 6-12 times higher than in plasma. It is 80-86% bound to blood plasma proteins. It penetrates the placental barrier and is excreted in milk. It is biotransformed mainly in the liver with the formation of inactive metabolites, a small part is inactivated in the kidneys and brain. The half-life is 10-12 hours. Excreted mainly by the kidneys.

With adherence to the recommended doses, anesthesia is easy and fast. The surgical stage of anesthesia is characterized by a decrease or disappearance of tendon and corneal reflexes, slight narrowing of the pupils, immobility or “floating” state of the eyeballs, relaxation of the pharyngeal muscles with sinking tongue, decreased breathing depth and blood pressure. The duration of anesthesia after intravenous administration averages 20 minutes. The analgesic effect of sodium thiopental ceases simultaneously with the awakening of the animal. Has a cumulative effect with repeated injections.

Indication

Used for productive and domestic animals (cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, horses, dogs, cats) as a stand-alone remedy for anesthesia during short-term surgery or diagnostic intervention (no longer than 20-25 minutes), as well as for induction and basic anesthesia with the subsequent use of other analgesics or muscle relaxants.

In critical conditions of sick animals (with a hopeless diagnosis) the drug is used for rapid and painless euthanasia.

Contraindication

Do not use in animals with impaired hepatic or renal function, fever, depleted animals, pregnant and lactating females.

Do not enter into an artery!

Method of application and dosage

The solution for injection is prepared aseptically, immediately before use.

First prepare a working solution of 10%, and then a solution for injection of the desired concentration.

To prepare the working solution, add 10 ml of sterile distilled water or 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl) solution to the thiopenate vial. Thus, 1 ml of working solution will contain 100 mg of active substance.

Then from the working solution prepare injectable solutions of thiopental – 2.5% (for small animals ), 5% (for large animals ). To obtain a solution for injection of 2.5% to 1 ml of working solution add 3 ml of NaCl 0.9%, and for a solution of 5% – 2 ml of NaCl 0.9%. Thus, a 2.5% solution for injection will contain 25 mg of thiopental and a 5% solution will contain 50 mg of thiopental.

Productive animals are given the drug only intravenously, other animals can be administered intraperitoneally.

Intravenously, the drug is used in doses: 18-20 mg per 1 kg of body weight (without premedication), 6-12 mg per 1 kg of body weight (with premedication). 

The first third of the dose is administered slowly to prevent respiratory arrest, the second third – after stabilization of respiration, the rest of the drug – after the cessation of tachycardia. However, when using an anesthetic for any animal (especially dogs), it is advisable to carry out premedication. This helps to avoid agitation, reduce the time of recovery from anesthesia and reduce the dose of the drug.

Other anesthetics are used to prolong the duration of anesthesia. In some cases, one repeated administration is allowed, but provided that the total dose of thiopental sodium does not exceed 35 mg per 1 kg of body weight.

For euthanasia of animals with a hopeless diagnosis, the drug is used at a dose of 60 mg per 1 kg of body weight.

*Kilograms to a Pounds conversion table

Reservation

Do not use solutions with an active substance content of less than 1.5%. When administered intravenously, do not allow the drug to enter the subcutaneous tissue due to the risk of necrosis.

For several hours before and after administration of the drug do not use animals with antibiotics from the group of penicillins and tetracyclines, etc. Also incompatible with sodium thiopental aminazine, amikacin sulfate, atropine sulfate, hydromorphine, diphenhydramine, dimenhydrinate, dithiline, insulin, morphine sulfate, Ringer’s solution.

Concomitant use with β-blockers, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, α-blockers, angiotensin II antagonists, phenothiazine, diazoxide, diuretics, methyldopa, moxonidine, nitrates, nitrides, peripheral hyposinlate may

Arrhythmias sometimes occur in dogs. This often happens when using the drug with catecholamines.

Cats may develop apnea, moderate hypotension.

In horses, when used for monotherapy, excessive arousal and severe ataxia may occur. Sometimes there is hyperglycemia, transient leukopenia, apnea, tachycardia, respiratory acidosis. In such cases, carry out symptomatic treatment.

Parasympathetic side effects (hypersalivation, bradycardia) are eliminated by the use of anticholinergic drugs (atropine sulfate, etc.).

In case of overdose, respiratory support therapy (oxygen therapy, artificial ventilation) and cardiovascular function are used.

Implemented on behalf of veterinary enterprises or on the prescription of a veterinarian.

Storage conditions

Store according to list B (potent substances), in the manufacturer’s packaging, in a dark place at a temperature up to +25 ° C.

Use the ready solution of the drug during the day.

Expiration date

3 years.