BROVSEPTOL (sodium sulfathiazole, sulfaguanidine, trimethoprim, tylosin tartrate)

Storage

1 g of the drug contains:

sodium sulfathiazole — 80 mg

sulfaguanidine — 70 mg

trimethoprim lactate — 38 mg

tylosin tartrate — 25 mg

Description

Light yellow powder, poorly soluble in water.

Pharmacological properties

Combined antibacterial drug of a wide spectrum of action.

Sulfathiazole and sulfaguanidine are antimicrobial bacteriostatic agents from the group of sulfonamides. Sulfathiazole has a short-term effect, sulfaguanidine has a medium-term effect.

Both sulfonamides are similar in their spectrum of properties and are active against gram-positive microorganisms — Clostridium perfringens, Bacillus anthracis, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Actinomyces israelii, gram-negative — E. coli, Shigella spp., Klebsiella spp., Vibrio cholerae, Chlamydia spp., Yersinia pestis, protozoa Toxoplasma gondii, coccidia Eimeria stiedae.

The mechanisms of antimicrobial action of sulfathiazole and sulfaguanidine are also similar and are due to antagonism with paraaminobenzoic acid (PABA) and competitive inhibition of dihydropteroate synthetase. This leads to disruption of the synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid, necessary for the synthesis of purines and pyrimidines, suppresses the growth of E. coli, reduces the synthesis of thiamine, riboflavin, and nicotinic acid in the intestines.

Trimethoprim is a chemotherapeutic agent, which by its chemical structure is a diaminopyrimidine derivative. Acts bacteriostatically against gram-positive microorganisms — Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Clostridium spp., Corynebacterium spp., gram-negative microorganisms — E. coli, Salmonella spp., Klebsiella spp., Proteus spp., Pasteurella spp., Bordetella spp. etc. The mechanism of action is associated with inhibition of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase in the process of synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid. This leads to a deficiency of folate, the main cofactor for the synthesis of nucleic acids. As a result, the production of nucleic acids and protein by bacteria is disrupted. Bacterial dihydrofolate reductase is approximately 50,000-60,000 times stronger bound by trimethoprim than the corresponding mammalian enzyme. The effect is manifested at the stage of folate synthesis, which occurs after how sulfonamides start to work. Simultaneous use with sulfonamides increases the inhibition of the production of tetrahydrofolic acid.

Tylosin tartrate is an antibiotic from the group of macrolides. Effective against gram-positive microorganisms — Corynebacterium spp., Clostridium spp., Erysipelothrix spp., Diplococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, some gram-negative microorganisms — Pasteurella spp., Vibrio spp., Leptospira spp., Brucella spp., Neisseria spp., Haemophilus spp. , rickettsia Rickettsia spp., spirochete Spirochaetales, mycoplasma Mycoplasma gallisepticum, M. synoviae, M. meleagridis. Tylosin acts bacteriostatically, inhibiting protein synthesis, through an irreversible connection with the 50S subunit of bacterial ribosomes. It stops the growth and reproduction of the microbial cell, inhibits the synthesis of RNA in the ribosomes of bacterial cells at any stage of the ribosomal cycle.

Sulfatiazole is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and acts systemically. Sulfaguanidine is almost not absorbed, due to which a high concentration in the intestines is observed and the maximum effect is achieved in the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Sulfanilamides penetrate well into body tissues and fluids, including pleural effusion, peritoneal and synovial fluids, middle ear exudate, chamber moisture, tissues of the urogenital tract, pass through the placenta and enter milk. They are metabolized in the liver, mainly by acetylation, with the formation of microbiologically inactive but toxic metabolites. About half of it is excreted by the kidneys in an unchanged form (with an alkaline reaction of the urine, excretion increases), a small amount is excreted with bile. With renal failure, accumulation of sulfonamides and their metabolites in the body is possible,

With oral administration, tylosin is quickly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, and within an hour, a sufficient bacteriostatic level is observed in the blood and tissues. Therapeutic concentrations of the drug are maintained in blood serum for 6-8 hours. It is metabolized mainly in the liver and is excreted unchanged mainly with urine and partially with feces, in laying birds – with eggs, in lactating animals – with milk.

Absorption of trimethoprim from the gastrointestinal tract is rapid and almost complete (90-100%), binding to plasma proteins is up to 70%. A high concentration of trimethoprim is observed in the secretion of bronchial glands, prostate gland and bile. It overcomes the placental barrier and penetrates into milk. The half-life in blood plasma is 8-10 hours. 50-60% is excreted by the kidneys within 24 hours mainly by glomerular filtration and tubular secretion, and 80-90% — in unchanged form, the rest — in the form of inactive metabolites, a small amount (4%) — with bile.

Indication

Treatment of animals and poultry for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory organs and genitourinary system caused by microorganisms sensitive to the active substances of the drug:

• calves under 3 months of age — gastroenteritis, salmonellosis, pasteurellosis, vibriosis;
• pigs — enzootic pneumonia, arthritis, dysentery, edematous disease, distemper, salmonellosis, pasteurellosis;
• lambs under 3 months of age — septicemia, eimeriosis;
• rabbits — gastroenteritis, colibacteriosis, pasteurellosis, coccidiosis, pneumonia;
• poultry (broiler chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese) — typhus, cholera, salmonellosis, mycoplasmosis, rhinitis.

Contraindication

Do not prescribe to animals with increased sensitivity to the active substances of the drug, impaired liver and kidney function, lactating and pregnant females.

Do not use in ruminants with functionally developed stomachs, laying hens, whose eggs are eaten by humans.

Do not use simultaneously with penicillins, cephalosporins, lincomycin, para-aminobenzoic acid and its compounds.

Method of application and dosage

The drug is used orally with food.

The daily rate of the drug for all types of animals is 1.5-2 g per 10 kg of body weight (111-148 mg of sulfathiazole, 105-140 mg of sulfaguanidine, 44-58 mg of trimethoprim, 32-43 mg of tylosin). The calculated dose is given in two doses. At the first application, depending on the condition of the animal, the dose can be increased by 30-100%.

Treatment of pigs, poultry and rabbits is carried out mainly by the group method. To do this, the drug is thoroughly mixed with the daily rate of compound feed.

For 100 kg of compound feed, add to the preparation:

• pigs – 350-400 g;
• poultry, rabbits – 400-450 g.

The course of treatment is 3-6 days.

*Kilograms to a Pounds conversion table

Reservation

With long-term use of the drug, allergic reactions (skin rashes, urticaria, itching), hepatitis, crystalluria, blood pathologies (leukopenia, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia) may occur.

In ruminants, the drug can inhibit the growth and reproduction of the symbiotic microflora of the rumen, which is involved in the synthesis of vitamins. Therefore, it is advisable to simultaneously use vitamins of group B, not to restrict animals in water and to feed them with feed rich in proteins and vitamins.

Some drugs, such as salicylates and phenylbutazone, can interfere with the binding of sulfonamides to blood plasma proteins and thereby increase the toxicity of sulfonamides. Derivatives of para-aminobenzoic acid, such as novocaine, tetracaine and procainamide hydrochloride, reduce the antimicrobial activity of sulfonamides.

Do not use with antibiotics that are antagonists of the components of the drug (levomycetin, monomycin, ceporin, ristomycin, kanamycin).

After the last use of the drug, animals and poultry can be slaughtered for meat after 8 days. Meat obtained before the specified term is disposed of or fed to non-productive animals, depending on the opinion of the veterinarian.

Storage conditions

In a dry, dark place inaccessible to children at temperatures from +4 to +25 °C.

Expiration date

2 years.